1. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)
Outlines:
1. CPEC is a regional connectivity project.
2. The purpose of CPEC is to bring economic stability in Pakistan and China.
3. CPEC is a game changer for the people of both these countries.
i. It will bring economic stability in Pakistan as well as in China.
ii. It will invite foreign investors to invest in Pakistan.
iii. It will cause the growth of trade in Pakistan as well as in China.
iv. It will increase import and export of Pakistan.
v. It will remove energy crises in Pakistan.
4. The main obstacles in the completion of this project are internal and external threats.
5. This project has nothing negative in it.
6. Some suitable steps can make it an enviable project for Pakistan as well as China.
CPEC stands for China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. It is actually a regional connectivity project. The major part of the project is based on One Belt One Road (OBDR). Most of the investment on this project will be made by the Chinese institutions. However, Pakistan is also to invest fifteen billion dollars. It is not only a project of great significance for China and Pakistan but also for the other neighbouring countries like Iran, Afghanistan, India and Central Asian Republic. The basic purpose of CPEC is to bring a new era of economic stability in Pakistan as well as China.
CPEC is considered a game changer for both Pakistan and China. It will strengthen bilateral relations between Pakistan and China. The completion of this project will definitely be an important breakthrough for the economy and development of Pakistan. It will bring a new era of prosperity to Pakistan. It will be the major source of new roads, railway tracks and highways. It will increase the economic growth rate of China and an under developed country like Pakistan. It will foster new job opportunities for the Pakistanis and remove unemployment. It will also invite foreign investors to visit Pakistan and invest their money on different projects. It will cause an increase in trade. This trade will especially be of oil and petroleum products. It would be the first longest “Trade Corridor” that has been designed to increase the import and export of oil and petroleum products. It will also alleviate the ratio of poverty in Pakistan. If Pakistan is able to alleviate poverty, definitely there will be decrease in crime rate in Pakistan because poverty is the main cause of increasing crime rate. It shows that it will raise the standard of living of the Chinese as well as Pakistanis. It will also make better the agriculture system of both these nations. CPEC will also be of immense help in removing energy crises with which Pakistan is faced with and that has disastrous and bad impacts on the economy of Pakistan. It will also bring peace and prosperity in Pakistan.
This project is not free of threats i.e. internal as well as external. Our country is faced with extremism and internal elements are causing terrorism in Pakistan. International forces like India are supporting militants groups and anti-Pakistan elements. The terrorists groups in Afghanistan are also trying to create instability regarding the completion of this project. Politically Pakistan should be strengthened because political instability is also a threat for this project.
This project has nothing negative in it. It should be completed at any cost. With the best possible arrangements, all the threats regarding the security issues should be tackled vigilantly. For the great success of this project and strong bilateral relationships between Pakistan and China, “Chinese Language Centers” should be launched in Pakistan. Strong economic policies by Pakistan should be made. To make Pakistan a stabilized, a developed and an invincible country of the world, these steps must be taken immediately.
(Words: 498)
2. LOAD-SHEDDING IN PAKISTAN OR WATER CRISES IN PAKISTAN
Outlines;
1. Electricity is the part and parcel of our life.
2. Almost all the countries enjoy this basic need of their life. But, in Pakistan it is in short supply.
3. Load shedding badly affects the life of the people belonging to all walks of life.
4. There are so many causes behind load-shedding.
i. Water crises
ii. Inefficiency and corruption of higher authorities
iii. Political chaos
iv. Delay in construction of new dams
5. Immediate measures should be taken to remove this problem.
Electricity is the part and parcel of our life. Almost all the tasks of our life depend on electricity. No industry or home appliance can work without electricity but unluckily even in this age of science and technology, it is in short supply in Pakistan. That’s why, it has been a regular feature in Pakistan for the last many years.
Whatever the time is, load-shedding is totally unscheduled. Sometimes, it is scheduled. Bu whether it is scheduled or unscheduled, it casts disastrous effects and affects the life of the people belonging to all walks of life whether they are students, business men, shopkeepers, industrialists, farmers, mechanics and house wives. Its first major effect is on the economy of the country. It increases poverty among the people because the mills and factories cease working and the labour class of the country becomes unemployed. It means it not only causes unemployment but the industrial progress also comes to stand still. Secondly, fluctuation plays havoc with the home appliances like freezer, TV, computers and washing machines, etc. Thirdly, it also affects the business of the shopkeepers. The students cannot study properly. It also increases crime rate in the country. Thefts and robberies take place during load-shedding. The major effect that it casts on the economy of a country is that the foreign investors are not ready to invest in Pakistan. The investment of foreign investors can be of great help to remove poverty and unemployment and make better the economy of the country but it is sad that Pakistan is losing all these chances. Another major effect that it causes is that it causes panic in a society. The people take part in demonstrations and protests and sometimes we have also observed that the participants of these protests and demonstration have set government offices on fire. The foreign investors are not ready to invest in Pakistan. The thefts and robberies take place during load-shedding. The people feel panic in society. They protest against the government.
The reasons of load-shedding or electricity crises are many. The very first reason is water crises in Pakistan. This water crisis is due to sporadic rains and long term solid water policy. India is also causing a great damage to Pakistan in this regard. Indus Water Treaty was a great agreement that could solve many issues related to water crises but Indian obduracy has always done great damage and added water crises in Pakistan. Second major reason of load-shedding is corruption, inefficiency and defective planning in WAPDA. Mega projects like Kala Bagh Dam, Bhasha Dam, and Mehmand Dam have remained incomplete due to the problems of political interference, provincialism, extremism and defective policies. Second, political upheaval is another major reason of electricity crises. Democratic stability has always been absent from Pakistan. No government had ever tried to take some solid steps to overcome this problem. Third, available resources have always been misused. Power-theft is a common feature of our society.
This discussion clearly shows that .Pakistan can never make progress unless it gets rid of electricity crisis. So, our government should take all possible measures to solve this, problem as soon as possible. First, Pakistan should raise its voice at international forum to show Indian obduracy. Second, the concerned authorities should be made vigilant. Thirdly, mega dams should be constructed to avoid water crises without further delay. Fourthly, the present available resources should be developed as soon as possible. Power-theft should be stopped. It is also our duty to point out the persons who commit power-theft. The people should also make wise use of electricity. They should use energy saving devices. If these steps are not taken, our country would never be able to make progress in all walks of life. (Words: 623)
3. Dearness OR Inflation OR Price-Hike
Outlines:
A. What is inflation?
B. Inflation is a world-wide problem.
C. Inflation has many reasons:
1. Use of things in abundance
2. Less supply of commodities
3. Rise in standard of living of the people
4. International market rates
5. Over population
D. Inflation causes much harm in a country like Pakistan.
1. The people use unfair means to meet their needs.
2. The economy of a country is worst hit.
3. The country cannot make progress.
4. There is panic in the society.
E. There are some ways to minimize it.
Inflation means when there is an increase in money and the prices of the commodities but there is no increase in the production of commodities of daily use. It is a worldwide problem. But, in Pakistan it has reached an alarming stage.
Inflation has many reasons. First, the excessive use of a thing causes inflation because the more the demand of a thing is, the more its price will be. Second, the prices of the things rise if their supply decreases. This supply may decrease due to hoarding, strikes of the workers, the lock-outs of the factories by the employers, absence of rain and increase in taxes, etc. Third, inflation is also due to rise in standard of living of the people. Rise in standard compels the poor people to follow the people having high standard. So, they need more and more goods of daily use and in this way cause inflation. Forth, inflation is also due to rise in prices of the things in the international marks because the rates of international markets have a direct and indirect effect on the prices of the things which are produced in the country. We export many things from the other countries. Fifth, over population causes inflation. The more the population increases, the more the demand of a thing increases. The increase in demand of things will increase prices.
Inflation causes much harm in a country like Pakistan. In Pakistan, most of the people are poor. Their purchasing power is very low. When they are unable to meet their needs, they use unfair means to fulfill their needs. They become thieves, dacoits, robbers and pick-pocket. Sometimes, they are ready to sacrifice their lives to support their families. They are ready to become terrorists and suicide attackers. Inflation also causes the downfall in the economy of a country. The country cannot make progress. There is panic and sensation in the country. The people protest against the government. There are demonstrations against the country. In Pakistan, we have observed such protests and demonstrations made by the people.
There are many ways to minimize it. First, we can follow the best example set by the Chinese. The Chinese mitigate the use of a thing when its price increases. This step will help a lot in decreasing the prices. Second, the production of the things of daily use should be enhanced. Third, all the countries of the world should make joint efforts to decrease inflation. They should do so on humanitarian grounds. Forth, the people must be guided as for as the problem of over population is concerned. It will decrease the population as well as inflation.
To conclude, every possible effort should be made to overcome inflation so that we could avoid its untold harms. (Words: 462)
4. Kashmir Issue OR How can Kashmir issue be resolved?
Outlines:
1. Jammu and Kashmir is a disputed region of the sub-continent.
2. Maharaja Hari Singh sold it for a meager amount of money.
3. The Kashmiris have been facing a lot of cruelties done by the Indian troops.
4. Pakistan did not lag behind in helping the Kashmiris and tried to raise this issue at international platform.
5. The issue has also caused wars between Pakistan and India.
6. To maintain peace in the world, Kashmir issue must be resolved.
7. Joint efforts by the UN and the super powers of the world must come forward to solve it.
Kashmir is one of the beautiful valleys of the world. It is called paradise on the earth. But, unfortunately Jammu and Kashmir is a disputed region of the sub-continent. Actually, after the creation of Pakistan, Pakistan resolved to make Kashmir the part of Pakistan because most of the population of Kashmir consisted of the Muslims. So, Pakistan decided to liberate it from the clutches of the Hindu Maharaja and attacked Kashmir. Pakistan liberated its northern and western parts but could not liberate the rest of Kashmir.
Since then, Kashmir is scorching with the heat of injustice and oppression done to the Kashmiris by the Indian troops. The Indian troops have been doing cruelties to the Kashmiris. They are being killed ruthlessly. They are being burnt alive. They are also buried alive. The women are molested and raped by the Indian troops. Their shops are burnt and razed. They are not able to pray freely in the mosques. Their rights are exploited. Socially, economically, culturally and religiously, they have been crushed by the Indian troops. They have not been given their right of plebiscite. Thousands of the Kashmiris have been martyred in this war of freedom run by the Kashmiris.
Pakistan declares Kashmir an inseparable part of it. That’s why, Pakistan did not lag behind in helping the Kashmiris and tried to raise this issue at international platform. So many resolutions have been passed by the UNO but still this problem is unresolved. Pakistan has always tried to highlight these issue at all international forums but the Super Powers of the world have always shown apathetic attitude towards this problem.
No doubt, this issue is the bone of contention between India and Pakistan. It has caused two major wars between Pakistan and India even then the Super Powers and the organizations like the UNO did not tackle this problem seriously. We can say that the world is playing the role of a silent spectator. Both these countries have been spending a lot of money to increase their defensive power in spite of the fact that both these countries are faced with the hunger and poverty.
Asia is a major part of the world. Peaceful Asia means peaceful world. To maintain peace in the world, Asia must be made peaceful. But Asia can be made peaceful by resolving the Kashmir issue. So, all the super powers and the organizations like the UNO should come forward and make joint efforts to resolve this issue as soon as possible. If this issue is resolved, the conflict between Pakistan and India will be decreased. Both these countries will be able to make efforts to improve their economy and remove poverty from their countries.
(Words: 448)
5. Face Book
Facebook is a social networking website. It was launched in 2004 but it has got immense popularity in the people belonging to all walks of life. It is no more than a medium of communication, yet it is much more than that. The journey of its popularity is not over yet. Millions of users are joining it every year.
Facebook is a phenomenon and it is not difficult to count its advantages. Its one of the major benefits is that you can share your information. You can share your pictures, videos, ideas and many other things. Its second benefit is that you can chat with your friends. It provides an online simple chatting application. That’s why, there is a great decrease in the use of Skype, Yahoo any other messengers. Thirdly, through facebook it is very easy for us to find our old and new friends as well as colleagues. We can easily have an access to their addresses and e-mail addresses. Fourthly, Facebook is one of the best available sources to advertise our products. On Facebook, we can create our own page and share it with other friends. This page allows us to target the people of specific age, geographic location and interests, etc and makes sour ads most useful and effective. Fifthly, Facebook is also one of the best sources of entertainment. It offers so many types of games to play. There are also so many applications that can be used and enjoyed. Apps like photo editing, horoscope and stock analysis are also available for its users. Sixthly, it is also a great source of killing boredom. The people who are tired of their hectic routine of life can easily remove their boredom and enjoy it. Seventhly, we can share our ideas and get comments from others. It also helps us in building our right ideas. Eighthly, it is also working as a matrimonial site.
Facebook is not without its shortcomings. It is a double-edged weapon. It has benefits as well as disadvantages. First, it is believed that its use is just the wastage of time. Most of the people use it for hours. The students ignore their studies and it definitely affects their studies. Secondly, its too much use shatters the nervous system of its user. It creates sleeplessness and restlessness in its users. Third, it is a source of vulgarity. Many ill-bred users use it for negative purposes. They share vulgar videos with their friends and the public. In this way, they promote vulgarity through their videos. Fourth, no doubt it is the best use of sharing your ideas but sometimes some users use it to propagate false ideas related to religion, sects or on any other topic of their interest. Fifth, sometimes friendship of both the sexes on facebook ruins their life. So many people blackmail girls and post their vulgar videos on facebook. It has damaged the life of so many girls. So many cases of suicide by the girls have been reported.
To conclude, Facebook is a great source of information, sharing ideas, asking questions, chatting with friends, killing boredom and getting entertainment. Its advantages are numerous but its disadvantages cannot be overlooked. It should be used positively by its users. The students must pay special attention to its positive use because it is not bad, rather it is its use that makes its bad. (Words: 562)
6. WOMEN RIGHTS OR VIOLATION OF WOMEN RIGHTS OR WOMEN’S PLACE IN SOCIETY OR ROLE OF WOMEN IN SOCIETY
Outlines:
1. In the past, a woman had no status. She was considered inferior to man.
2. But with the arrival of Islam, a woman got a great status.
3. Now, we see a woman working in all walks of life.
4. However, sometimes she is violated.
5. She could be made aware of her rights.
6. She should also work within the framework of Islam.
7. We should launch special programs to make a woman aware of her rights and duties determined by Islam.
In the past, a woman was inferior to a man. She had nostatus. The only duty of her life was to give birth to children and to perform domestic jobs. She was kept uneducated. She had no share in property. She was just like a slave. She was violated and buried alive.
But, it is only Islam which gave woman a respectable status. Now, she is respected as a mother, a daughter, a sister and a wife. The Holy Prophet has said, “Paradise lies under the feet of mother” This Hadith by our dearHoly Prophet has clearly shown the status of a woman. Now, that’s why, a woman is not ignorant. She is respected everywhere. Islam doesn’t prohibit a woman from doing jobs. That’s why, we can see that a woman is working in every field of life. Now, she is a doctor, an engineer, a nurse, an air hostess and a politician. Now, she has the right to cast vote. She takes part in sports and games. She is an athlete, a writer, a leader and an administrator.
However, even in this age of religious enlightenment, she is stillviolated. Under the feudal and tribal culture, she is treated cruelly. She is maltreated and molested. She is forced to walk naked in the streets. Such incidents have been observed in many countries. Sometimes, acid is thrown on their faces. In this way, they are disfigured. Similarly, sometimes we see her losing her life from stove bursts. Swap manages have also ruined their lives. So many girls remain unmarried because their parents cannot afford a heavy dowry which has become a matter of respect and dignity for the rich but a nightmare for the poor parents.
This discussion clearly shows that a woman has got a much better status than in the past. However, there is still great room for the improvementin the rights of a woman. So, a woman should be educated and made aware of her rights through electronic media. The laws regarding the rights of women should be strictly enforced. However, a point to be noted is that a woman should never go beyond the limits of her freedom. She should work within the framework of Islam. Our religious scholars should come forward to promote the status of woman in society so that a woman could be .able to lead an honourable life. Our government should launch a campaign on media for the betterment and welfare of a woman. It is the only way with which we can be able to give them their rights. (Words: 431)
7. SOCIAL EVILS / SOCIAL EVILS IN PAKISTAN/ THE PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN/ HOW TO MAKE PAKISTAN PROSPEROUS?
Outlines:
1. Pakistan was achieved after offering many sacrifices.
2. But, she has been facing almost all the social evils.
3. These evils include bribery, nepotism, dearness, unemployment, worsening law and order situation, suicide attacks, religious extremism and adulteration.
4. These evils cast disastrous and untold effects.
a. A society is unable to make progress.
b. There is panic, sensation and anxiety in a society.
c. The people lose their trust in the policies of the government.
d. There are so many chances that the military may take the charge.
e. There is exploitation of the poor by the rich.
5. There are so many reasons of these social evils.
a. Ineffective policies of the government
b. Political chaos in the country
c. Defective management system in the country
c. Defective management system in the country
d. Poverty
6. What can we do to nip all these evils in the bud in the society?
Pakistan, my beloved homeland was achieved after offering many sacrifices. The dream of the Muslims was to live in complete freedom but it was not only the freedom from foreign domination but also the freedom from the social evils which were condemned by the Quaid-e-Azam in his firstaddress to the first Constituent Assembly of Pakistan. But, unfortunately it did not happen. She has been facing many social evils. These evils include bribery, nepotism, dearness, unemployment, worsening law and order situation, suicide attacks, religious extremism and adulteration.
These social evils cast disastrous effects in a society. The people acceptbribery to fulfill their basic needs. Owing to dearness, it becomes difficult for a lay man to meet his basic needs’. He indulges in different negative activities like robberies and suicide attacks. Same is the case with unemployment. The worsening law and order situation creates anxiety and panic in a society. Adulterators play with the life of the people. Suicide attackers and terrorists damage life and property on a large scale. Hoarding ‘promotes dearness. Nepotism also promotes hatred among the people against the government. Injustice that is being to the poor and innocent people also gives birth to negative activities in a society. A country cannot make progress due to all these social evils. A society loses its reputation at international level. In such circumstances, the foreign investors are not ready to invest. The people become anxious, emotionally disturbed and peevish.
There are so many reasons of these social evils. First reason is the political chaos in the country. Change of government again and again causes these evils. The new government rejects the policies of the previous government. A lot of money is wasted in that way. Second, there is no proper system to do anything. The people want to do their work by any means. Third, most of the politicians are dishonest. They have nothing to do with the poor people. Our religious scholars are also promoting hatred among the Muslims. However, one of the major reason0 of all these social evils is illiteracy that does not let the people get awareness.
What should we do to remove all these social evils? First, we need a true leader who may make us free from all the social evils. Second, the guilty persons should be given exemplary punishments. Thirdly, literacy rate should be enhanced in the country. Fourthly, our religious scholars should come forward to create unity among the Muslims. Fifthly, we should follow the teachings of Allah and the right’ path shown by His Holy Prophet. Only then, we can get rid of all the social evils and become prosperous and great as a nation. (Words: 445)
8. FREEDOM OF THE MEDIA/ THE ROLE OF MEDIA
Out Lines
A. Expression of thought never ceases to stop whether a man is in society or in isolation.
B. The sources of expression are T.V., Radio and Newspaper, etc.
C.Freedom of media is necessary.
D.Freedom of media has many advantages.
E.There are many obstacles in the freedom of media.
F. Freedom of media has many disadvantages.
G.Conclusion: Media should be the trustee of rights and interests of the citizens.
B. The sources of expression are T.V., Radio and Newspaper, etc.
C.Freedom of media is necessary.
D.Freedom of media has many advantages.
E.There are many obstacles in the freedom of media.
F. Freedom of media has many disadvantages.
G.Conclusion: Media should be the trustee of rights and interests of the citizens.
Expression of thought, ideas and opinions never ceases-to stop whether a man is in society or in; isolation. A man has always something to express. Expression of thought is possible through many channels like T.V. Radio andNewspaper. In this hurly burly age, the media has attained untold importance. That’s why, its freedom is of deepest concern to all the human beings.
Freedom of the media means to let it do useful work for the welfare of the people and not to put any hindrance in its way. This definition is a crystal clear proof of the fact that freedom of press is of great value. It secures the rights of citizens. It gives the people a chance to speak against arbitrary. If the policies of the government are not sufficient and according to the desires of the people, media can criticize the government. It points out the strong and weak points of the government. It is the best available source for the people to make judgment and decisions. We can say that media acts as a liaison between the government and the people. It is also the source of entertainment for the people. The people can get any type of information from media.
There are so many obstacles in the freedom of media. Ours is a capitalistic society. In a capitalistic society, media is owned by financially strong traders and political parties. Only their views are preached. Unlike capitalistic society, the situation is still worse in socialistic society. The state runs media under its own supervision.
In our country, media is breathing its last. We have observed so many incidents of violence against media. Geo channel was banned by the government during the reign of Pervaiz Musharraf. Similarly, so many journalists have been killed because of pointing out the evil doers. They are not safe here. These steps were obnoxious steps. It is not the sign of freedom of media.
Many greedy persons are related to media in our society. They propagate false news through media. They preach sensational, emotional and vulgar news. This thing definitely causes disturbance and anxiety among the people. It has also bad effects on the minds of our coming generations.
This discussion clearly shows that freedom of media should not be beyond the limits because it is not meant to harm society rather its main purpose is to work for the betterment of the people as well as state.
To conclude, media must not act as spokesman of the government or ofthe opposition. It should be the trustee of the rights and interests of the citizens. The government should not interfere in its freedom. (Words: 441)
9. Terrorism
Outlines:
a. Terrorism means the threat or use of force against the civilians or armed forces for the political or personal interests.
b. Its main causes are narrow-mindedness, fanaticism, fundamentalism, intolerance and religious extremism.
c. Effects of terrorism
a. Loss of life and property
b. Economic crises
c. Prevalence of injustice
d. Suggestions to curb terrorism
“He, who kills a man, kills the whole humanity.”The Holy Quran
Terrorism means the threat or use of force against the civilians or armed forces for the political or personal interests. The terrorists resort to bombing, killing, high jacking and cross border terrorist activities and massacre. In this way, they cause the death of so many precious lives. The main purpose of terrorism is to destabilize a country politically, socially, economically and administratively.
Its main causes are narrow-mindedness, fanaticism, fundamentalism, intolerance and religious extremism. In so far as this problem is concerned in Pakistan, it has many reasons. First, the external agencies like RAW want to create instability in Pakistan.
Sectarianism is another major reason of terrorism in Pakistan. The people of one sect cannot bear the people of other sect. the open speeches of religious sentiments by the scholars against the other sects incite the people of other sects. That’s why, sometimes we see bombing on religious gatherings.
Third major reason of terrorism is denial of justice from police and other concerned offices. When innocent people are not done justice, they become negative in their thinking. As a reaction, they adopt the activities like terrorism.
Fourthly, sometimes the opposition party adopts negative attitude and makes such vicious designs for the failure of the party in the power.
The effects of terrorism are untold. Terrorism damages life and property on a large scale. Bereaved families have to face so many crises after the death of their dear ones. Terrorism creates panic and anxiety in a society. There are feelings of terror and sensation. The country cannot make desired progress. Economically, it goes to dogs and the foreign investors are not ready to invest in the country. The people lose their faith in justice. They strive to take the law in their hands. The party in power loses its popularity and the feelings of hatred are fostered among the people.
I would offer some suggestions to curb terrorism from our society. First, illegal foreign entry should be eliminated root and branch. Second, religious tolerance should be promoted. To promote religious tolerance, the religious scholars should come forward and struggle to create unity in the nation. Third, social injustice should be checked with an iron hand. The honest officers should be appointed. (Words: 381)
10. UNEMPLOYMENT
Outlines:
A. What is unemployment?
B. Unemployment is a worldwide problem.
C. Unemployment has many reasons.
1.Our education is not based on technical education.
2.It’s another major reason is advancement in industrialization.
3.There is lack of opportunities.
4.It is impossible for the government to provide jobs to increasing population.
D. Unemployment causes untold troubles.
1.Unemployed persons indulge in negative activities.
2.It discourages true learning.
3.It hinders the smooth running of a country.
4.It also causes corruption in a society.
E. It should be tackled before it paralyzes the whole structure of society.
Employment means occupation. So, unemployment means absence of employment. The person who has ability to do work and is willing to do work but is unable to get job opportunity is called unemployed person. In the current situation more than 30 lacks people are unemployed in Pakistan and unemployment ratio is more than 12%.
Unemployment is one of the most mental torture giving problems all over the world. It is increasing on a large scale day by day. However, the Asian countries are a worst hit. Pakistan is also suffering from this problem.
Unemployment has many reasons. First, our education system is not up to the mark. It does not teach any technical skill. But if we observe, we come to know the fact that everybody is busy in studies but he is not ready to do any meager type of job. He wants to work in an office. He is not ready to learn technical skills.
Secondly, it’s another major reason is advancement in industrialization. A machine can do the work of many persons. This thing is also the cause of unemployment.
Third, there is a lack of opportunities in our country. Our government does not create opportunities at so much rapid pace as they should do.
Fourthly, our population is increasing day by day. It is not possible for a poor country like Pakistan to provide employment to all the unemployed persons.
Unemployment causes untold troubles. Most of the unemployed persons become a burden on their families. They fall a victim to inferiority complex. Some of them become activists and terrorists. They are involved in self-suicidal attacks. Similarly, some unemployed persons become cat’s paw in the hand of the politicians. It means, employment misleads them and they mar their lives and create panic and sensation in a society. The country is unable to make progress economically, socially, politically and religiously. Unemployment also discourages true leaning. Keeping in view the unemployed persons, the coming generation loses its faith on the importance of education. It ignores education and an uneducated society if formed. Unemployment also hinders the smooth running of a country. It also causes corruption in a society.
This discussion clearly shows that unemployment is the mother of all crimes. It is very grave and knotty problem. It is not easy to uproot this problem from our society. That’s why, it should be tackled before it paralyzes the whole structure of society. Following steps should be taken to remove this problem from our society.
(1) Our government must take 5 or 10 year plan to eradicate this problem.
(2) Our education system must be changed. This education system should be based on the golden principle of “Dignity of labour”. It must provide skilled persons.
(3) Monopoly system should be uprooted as soon as possible.
(4) Vocational and technical institutes should be opened.
(5) New industries should be set up to create more and more job opportunities.
(6) Steps should also be taken to make the people aware of the harms of over population.
If all the above mentioned steps are taken, the problem of unemployment may be alleviated. (Words: 480)
11. CORRUPTION
Outlines:
1. Corruption is one of the major issues of the world. Pakistan is a worst hit of corruption.
2. There is hardly any department where corruption has not taken firm roots.
3. Corruption exists in the forms of cheating, fraud, bribery, nepotism and hoarding, etc.
4. Corruption causes great loss in a society.
a.It shatters the moral pillars of a nation.
b.It discourages the true learning.
c.It causes more corrupt system.
d.The country loses its image at international level.
e.Talent is ignored and the dishonest persons take the charge.
f.It promotes many other evils like terrorism, nepotism, hoarding and bribery.
5. There are so many reasons of corruption.
a.Low salaries of the government servants
b.Selfishness and greed of man
c.High standard of just few people on society
d. Unnecessary expenditures
e. Dearness
6. There are so many ways to uproot corruption from society.
7. It should be the first and foremost duty of the government to uproot this evil from society.
Corruption is one of the major social evils of the present age. However, it is as old a problem as a man. Almost all the countries of the world are facing it. However, the third world countries are a worst hit. Pakistan is one of them.
Corruption exists in the forms of cheating, fraud, bribery, nepotism and hoarding, etc. In Pakistan, it exists in almost all the forms. There is hardly any department where it has not taken firm roots. In recent survey, Pakistan is one of the top five countries in corruption.
Corruption causes a great loss to a society. It shatters the moral pillars of a nation. The country loses its image at international level. Secondly, it discourages the true learning. If the deserving persons are exploited and are not given jobs because of recommendation, bribery or nepotism, they would certainly become disappointed. It would discourage the coming generations. Third, corruption gives birth to a society where all the persons are affected and even the honest persons also fall a victim to it. Fourthly, in corrupt system talent is ignored and dishonest and undeserving people are given the charge. It results a corrupt chain of persons who become more corrupt and the whole society suffers a lot. Fifth, corruption causes many other evils like terrorism, robberies and suicide attacks. A disappointed person becomes negative in his approach and is ready to become a thief, a robber and a terrorist.
There are so many reasons of corruption. Its first major reason is the low salaries of most of the government servants. To meet their needs, they take the support of corruption. Its second major reason is the apathetic and selfish attitude of a man. Everyone wants to become rich overnight. This thing compels him to be corrupt. Its third major reason is high standard of only a specific class of society. Most of the people belong to poor and middle class families. There are few people who belong to well to do families. The high standard of the people compels the other groups of society to adopt corruption to meet their needs and to be wealthy in society. Its fourth major reason is unnecessary expenditures on marriages and funerals. There are many other traditions on which the people have to spend money. All these things force a man to adopt the way of corruption. The last and one of the major reasons is increasing dearness. In this age of dearness, it is very difficult for a person of poor and average class to fulfill the needs of his family. To meet the needs of his family, he adopts negative ways.
To uproot corruption, some suitable measures can be of great value. First, the salaries of the government servants should be increased. Second, the corrupt persons should be given exemplary punishments. Third, dearness should be decreased.
To conclude, it should be the first and foremost duty of the government to uproot this evil from society so that the country may prosper and the deserving may get their rights. It is the only way with which the country can make progress. (Words: 521)
12. POVERTY
Outlines:
1. Poverty is one of the major social issues of the world especially the third-world countries like Pakistan.
2. Poverty is because of so many reasons.
a. Unemployment
b. Over-population
c. Dearness
d. Unjust distribution of wealth
3. Poverty causes so many problems in society.
a. It gives birth to criminals.
d. The law and order situation of the country goes to dogs.
c. A society shows the picture of passive personalities.
d. Ignorance is at its peak.
e. The people forget all the ethics and lead animal-like life.
4. Suggestions to overcome poverty
Poverty is one of the major social issues of the world especially the third world countries like Pakistan. Most of the people in Pakistan are living below the level of poverty. With low standard of living, they are forced to lead their life.
There are so many reasons of unemployment in Pakistan. Its very first major reason is unemployment. Most of the people in Pakistan are unemployed. The government and private sector are producing job opportunities. Load-shedding has also played its role in producing unemployment. A number of mills and factories have ceased working. It has increased the ratio of unemployment which has caused poverty.
Second major reason is increase in population. The population of Pakistan is increasing at a rapid pace. It is impossible for a poor country like Pakistan to provide jobs to the people.
Third, dearness is at its peak. With low salaries, it is difficult for the poor to meet their needs. It is difficult for them to enjoy a meal two times in a day. Unjust distribution of wealth is another factor which causes poverty.
Poverty is the mother of all crimes. It causes untold troubles in a society. It gives birth to criminals. The people try to meet their needs using wrong and negative ways. They become dacoits, criminals and terrorists. It further aggravates the law and order situation of the country. Poverty also discourages true learning. A person with limited resources of life cannot educate his children. He sets them to work on little wages. The society is filled with uneducated and ignorant persons. That’s why, sometimes we see that the children are forced to beg. An ignorant and uneducated society can never present the great picture of ethics.
To overcome, solid planning by the government and private sector should be made. First, the government should launch some special program. It should create new departments and job opportunities. Second, the issue of over-population should not be mishandled. The Chinese population is seven times greater than that of Pakistan but strong planning and organized management has reduced unemployment in China. Most of the people are happy and prosperous. Poverty is equal to naught. Our government can also do so with proper and strong planning. Dearness should also be brought to a level. There is no check and balance system due to which the prices of the things increase on daily basis. The concerned authorities should be made vigilant to play their positive role. Poverty can be reduced if all these steps are taken seriously and at the right time. (Words: 425)
13. DRUG ADDICTION
Outlines:
1. Drug addiction is on increase in almost all the countries especially the third world countries. Its popular forms are heroin, opium and charas, etc.
2. The major countries of its production are Thailand, Burma, Afghanistan and Iraq, etc.
3. Mostly the young boys and even in some cases the girls are adopting this bad habit.
4. Drug addiction causes great loss of health.
5. The drug addicts can do anything to get addicted.
6. What is the reason of its increase in present era?
7. To remove drug addiction from society, special arrangements should be made.
8. Drug trafficking must be controlled as soon as possible.
Drug addiction is on increase in almost all the countries especially the third world countries. Its popular forms are heroin, opium and charas, etc. It is being adopted as a fashion. It is believed that the drug addiction makes you forget your worries for the time being. It transports you to a world where there are no sorrows. It also prevailed in the past. Its history is as old as a man. The major countries of its production are Thailand, Burma, Afghanistan and Iraq, etc.
Mostly the young boys and even in some cases the girls are adopting this bad habit. Perhaps they do not know its harms. It causes a great damage to their health. It paralyzes them physically and mentally. It strengthens their nerves for the time being nut it affects their lungs, hearts, kidney and liver badly. They become burden on their families. They become slave to their desire of addiction. They become irresponsible and indecent in their manners. It is difficult for them to escape drug addiction. They die at an early age.
If they are unable to get money to be addicted, they adopt fair or foul means to get money. They sell all the home appliances their properties, and even their children. They become thieves, robbers, dacoits and even murderers. They can steal anything of need to sell it and get money.
Drug addiction is on increase because of the following reasons. First, no dealer of drug addiction has ever been punished severely. Actually they are the most influential persons of society. Second, most of the youngsters are adopting it as a fashion. Third, most of the young men are faced with loneliness and problems of sex. The modern parents have no time to share their feelings. That’s why, they are becoming drug addict. Third, drug trafficking at levels is discouraged but even then the dealers are so influential that through gratification they make it possible to deliver it from one place to another. We can say that it is the carelessness of the law enforcing agencies which can never discourage them from drug trafficking.
To remove drug addiction from society, special arrangement should be made. First, the law enforcing agencies must be made vigilant. Second, the drug dealers must be given exemplary punishments. Third, special literature on the harms of drug addiction must be published for the youngsters because it has ruined the life of so many families. It creates passive personalities who have nothing to do with the society. .
The drug trafficking should be checked as soon as possible. Joint efforts at international and national level must be made for its eradication. (Words: 441)
14. CHILD LABOUR
Outlines:
1. The children are the flowers of the garden of paradise.
2. In Pakistan, child labour is increasing on a large scale.
3. Instead of getting education, they are forced to bear the burden of their families.
4. The children are punished for small mistakes.
5. They face violence and humiliating attitude by the people.
6. Child labour presents a disfigured image of a society.
7. The children become criminals.
8. They can never become useful members of society.
9. Main reasons of child labour are poverty and dearness.
10. Special steps are needed to remove child labour from society.
“The children are the flowers of the garden of paradise”, says the Holy Prophet. They are innocent who spread pleasure in our life. They should be looked after, educated and trained well. But unluckily, even in this age which is called civilized the children are forced to bear the burden of their families. They have to work to earn their living. Instead of going to school, they are forced to meet their needs as well as the needs of their families. “It is obligatory to every Muslim man and woman to get education.” In most of the Asian countries, child labour is on increase on a large scale. Pakistan is also in the rank of those countries where child labour is increasing day by day.
The innocent children are seen working in almost all hotels, cafes, workshops and factories, etc. Sometimes, they are seen begging in the streets nd on the roads. They work from morning to evening on very little wages just to support and lessen the burden of their families. They are treated in a harsh way by their masters. Sometimes, they are punished and even beaten. This is heart rending spectacle to see them working and being punished. Even the people adopt humiliating attitude towards them. Similarly, sometimes we see them begging on the roads.
Child labour presents a disfigured image of the society because such children can never become good and useful members of society. Sometimes, we see them becoming negative in their attitude and thinking. They become hooligans, rascals, suicide attackers, pick-pockets and criminals.
Main reasons of child labour are dearness, unemployment and poverty of the people. If the people are unable to meet their needs, they will definitely try to find some other way to meet their needs. So, in most of the cases the children are forced to do child labour and sometimes they are forced to do begging.
Child labour is a stigma on a society. It should be removed as soon as possible. Here are some suggestions to uproot this problem. First, the government should ban it. A special committee should be made to check it. Secondly, age limit to do work to earn employment should be fixed. Thirdly, the factors which lead towards child labour should be removed. If all these steps are taken, the child labour will totally be eliminated from society. (Words: 389)
15. MOBILE PHONES/ CELL-PHONES/ HAND PHONES
A. This is the age of science. Science has invented many things for the benefit of mankind.
B. Mobile phone is one of the greatest inventions of science.
C. A few years ago, mobile was a symbol of status. But, now it has become common.
D. It has many advantages.
a. We can contact anyone anywhere.
b. It has increased the volume of our business.
c. It is our best friend when we are in trouble.
d. It helps us to avoid the activities like terrorism and robberies.
E. It has many disadvantages.
a. It causes wastage of time and money.
b. The attention of the students towards studies is over.
c. It is the best friend of terrorists and activities.
d. It causes sleeplessness.
e. It causes many accidents.
F. We should use it positively.
This is the age of science. Science has revolutionized our life. With the help of its inventions, our life has become easy and comfortable. It has helped us a lot in the field of communication. Mobile phone is one of such marvellous inventions.
Mobile phone has brought about a great revolution in our life. A few years ago, it was a symbol of status. It was considered a luxury. It was also very costly. But, now it has become common. Even a man in the street can afford it. Now, it has become the compulsion of even a layman to have a mobile.
Mobile phone is one of the most rapid and quickest means of communication. It has connected us with the whole world. We can contact anyone anywhere. It has increased the volume of business. It also saves us from the attacks of criminals and terrorists. We can contact the police before we are attacked. The rulers of different countries can talk to one another with the help of mobile phone. They can discuss important national and international affairs on mobile phone.
But, mobile phone is a mixed blessing. It has also some disadvantages. Its excessive use is just the wastage of time and money. Most of the mobile companies have launched different as well as cheap packages. These cheap packages have made the people busy all the time. That’s why, most of the people are seen busy talking on the mobile phones. Its cheap packages can also be afforded by the students. The students spend their pocket money on mobile phones and ignore their studies. They waste their time and money and are busy in sending or receiving messages. It diverts their attention from studies. Sometimes, the students use mobile phones in the examination halls. It means it has become a source of cheating for the students. It also shatters the nervous system of its users. It weakens our memory. It causes restlessnessand sleeplessness. Similarly, it is also the best friend of misanthropists. The criminals, dacoits and terrorists use it to make contacts in order to fulfill their vicious designs. Sometimes, we see the people using it while driving. Their attention towards driving is over and it causes many accidents.
Having made this survey, we can say that mobile phone is a double edged weapon. It is a blessing as well as a curse for us. We should use it positively. The media can play a vital role for its positive use. (Words: 415)
16. LAPTOP SCHEME IN PUNJAB
Outlines:
1. This is the age of information technology.
2. Keeping in view the importance of information technology, the Punjab Government launched Laptop Scheme in Punjab a few years ago.
3. Thousands of students have been rewarded laptop.
4. This scheme has given great advantages to the students.
5. This scheme has also disadvantages.
6. The Punjab Government has already been criticized for launching this scheme.
7. This scheme is not bad at all. It is its use that makes it bad.
This is the age if information technology. With the arrival of internet, the world has become “A Global Village.” All the important tasks related to any field of life are being performed through internet. It has also become important for the students. With the help of internet, they can get knowledge of all the branches of knowledge. Keeping in view the importance of information technology in the mind, the Punjab Government launched Laptop Scheme in Punjab in a few years ago.
Thousands of intelligent students have been rewarded laptop in the institutes all over Punjab. The scheme has many advantages for the students. They can get knowledge through internet. So many foreign institutes launch online learning programs for the students. It becomes very easy for the students to get knowledge as well as degrees through internet. If a student is unable to understand some topic of his interest, he can get the help of internet and quench his thirst of getting knowledge through different educational websites. This scheme has also fostered the interest of the students towards their studies. So many students are inspired by this scheme and have started to study keenly. It has started a competition of getting good marks among the students. This scheme has also created the atmosphere of competition among the students at international level. The students can contact foreign students and teachers and enhance their knowledge.
No doubt, the students have got great advantages with the help of this scheme but it has also many disadvantages. Very first disadvantage of these laptops is that the students use it in their institutes and have ignored their studies. There are few students who use it just for the right purpose but most of the students use it to play some game, to listen songs, to watch some movie or to enjoy the vulgar websites. It is causing obscenity among the students. It is causing sexual perversion among the students especially at university level. We have observed so many cases. We have also noticed that some students post vulgar and immoral movies on Face book and other sites. At least three cases of suicide have been observed. If the students are to take this scheme negatively, they are wasting their time and marring their lives. Its disadvantage is that the students have ignored the activities of playing games in playgrounds and visiting recreational resorts. It is also affecting their health, eyesight and memory. It makes them suffer from sleeplessness and restlessness.
The Punjab Government has already been criticized for launching this scheme. It was considered a political trick to pursue the youngsters to be the part of PMLN because it was being said that the Punjab Government launched this scheme just to finish the popularity of PTI among the students. Whether it was a political trick or not, I think it is a great scheme for the students.
In so far as its use is concerned, I think it is not a bad scheme. It is a great scheme for the students. It is not bad itself; it is its use that makes it bad. The students must use it for positive purposes. (Words: 524)